Проект учебного занятия в вузе или старшей школе

Цели занятия:
Основная цель: организация целенаправленной познавательной деятельности студентов по овладению материалом учебной дисциплины.
Дидактические задачи:
•обеспечивать формирование системы знаний по учебной дисциплине;
•учить умению аргументированно излагать научный материал;
•оптимизировать все другие формы организации учебного процесса с позиций новейших достижений науки, техники, культуры и искусства.
Воспитательные задачи
•формировать профессиональный кругозор и общую культуру;
•формировать основы для дальнейшего самостоятельного изучения и овладения знаниями;
Развивающие задачи
•отражать новые, еще не получившие освещения в учебниках и учебных событиях, знания.
Ведущая технология: проблемно-модельный тренинг
Тип занятия: Практическое занятие
Вид занятия: практика
Методы обучения:
1. Пассивные методы: лекция
2. Активные методы: беседа, проблемно-модельный тренинг, опрос
3. Интерактивные методы: показ и обсуждение презентации
План учебного занятия:
Этап учебного занятия Время отводимое на этап
1 Организационный момент 3 минуты
2 Закрепление учебного материала (занятие в середине изучения темы) 75 минут
3 Рефлексия 12 минут
Итого: (90 минут)
Продолжительность учебного занятия: 90 минут

ХОД УЧЕБНОГО ЗАНЯТИЯ
ЭТАП ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТЬ ПЕДАГОГА ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТЬ ОБУЧАЮЩИХСЯ МЕТОДЫ И СРЕДСТВА РЕЗУЛЬТАТ
1. Организационный момент Приветствие студентов. Приветствие преподавателя. Беседа. Обучающиеся настроены на предмет, сформировано умение слушать и вступать в диалог. Осуществлена актуализация полученных знаний, сформирована самооценка на основе успешной учебной деятельности.
2.Закрепление учебного материала. (см.Приложение).

1. Участвуют в проблемно-модельном тренинге.
2. Отвечают на вопросы и выполняют задания для самопроверки.
Проблемно-модельный тренинг, беседа. Осуществлен самоконтроль и анализ новых полученных знаний. Сформированы навыки сотрудничества в разных ситуациях.
3. Рефлексия. Предлагает студентам облако «тегов», которые необходимо дополнить. На доске представлена схема, где указаны варианты:
o сегодня я узнал...
o было трудно…
o я понял, что…
o я научился…
o я смог…
o было интересно узнать, что…
o меня удивило…
o мне захотелось…
Каждый студент выбирает по 1-2 предложения и заканчивает их. (зависит от количества студентов в группе).
Беседа. Доска. Оценен процесс и результат деятельности. Сформированы собственное мнение и позиция. Сформирована адекватная мотивация учебной деятельности.
Проблемно-модельный тренинг «Economy».
Цели:
• практика в восприятии и понимании речи на слух;
• повышение мотивации к изучению иностранного языка.
Задачи:
Образовательные:
• Обобщение знаний по теме Economy;
• Совершенствование навыков монологической речи учащихся;
• Совершенствование навыков аудирования учащихся;
• Тренировка чтения и произнесения лексических единиц по данной тематике.
Развивающие:
• Развитие мышления учащихся;
• Развитие памяти и логического мышления.
Воспитательные:
• Развитие интереса к предмету и поддержание высокого уровня мотивации к изучению иностранного языка;
• Воспитание уважительного отношения к стране изучаемого языка.
Материалы: ноутбук/компьютер, проектор, колонки.
Преддемонстрационный этап.
Words
to outplay – переиграть, обыграть
housing ladder (property ladder)
recession – спад, падение, рецессия
to disperse – рассеиваться, расходиться
entrepreneur – предприниматель
volatile – изменчивый, непостоянный
stutter – заикаться
commitment – обязательство
austerity – строгость, строгая экономика
disposable income – располагаемый доход
to have hollow ring – звучать неискренне, фальшиво
consumption – потребление, расход
slump –резко падать
entrenched power – укоренившаяся власть
Read and translate.
The property ladder is a term widely used in the United Kingdom to describe the relative differences in constant terms from cheaper to more expensive housing. According to this metaphor, an individual or family's lifetime progress can be traveled equally from cheap houses for younger first-time buyers who are typically at the bottom of the property ladder, and expensive houses are at the top. 'Getting on to the property ladder' is the process of buying one's first house and holding a place on the volatile property market.

Демонстрационный этап.
Video 1. Economy and Life in Britain - State of the Nation 2014 [1]
What are the general feelings about the economy and life in Britain today?
Fill in the table with opinions of British people about economy.
positive negative

Video 2. Stronger UK growth forecast as government unveils voter focused budget – economy [2]
What is the Jobcenter Plus?
Video 3. A local solution to a European issue - Newcastle Futures [3]
How do you think it helps to find a good job?
Video 4. Economy breakthrough – UK offers cheap homes to public [4]
1. Answer the questions.
1. Why did this areas start to decline?
2. What is the purpose to offer cheap homes to public?
3. What are the terms for buying a cheap house? (name 4 points)
4. Is it a good idea for this country? Is it possible?
2. Read and translate.
A couple has moved into Britain’s cheapest home which set them back just £1 but could now fetch up to - 70,000.
Lawrence Poxton, 48, and his wife Teresa, 46, moved into the terraced property in Stoke-on-Trent, Staffordshire, after the council put 33 properties on the market for a pound in a desperate attempt to clean up the area.
The bus driver and his wife were picked from thousands of applicants to be the first couple to move into the homes - which they now estimate could be sold for up to £70,000. The couple first applied to get the keys to one of only 33 houses available for £1 in March 2013.
After being selected from thousands of applicants, the lucky couple blindly picked their new home out of a model in November.
While other houses in the street are still boarded up, the pair have transformed their two-bed mid terrace into a modern home - with a spacious bathroom, roomy kitchen and plush carpets - as well as a feature staircase.
As the final licks of paint dry the ecstatic pair can finally move in to the first home they actually own.
Mr Poxton said: “It’s like a dream come true for us.”

Последемонстрационный этап.
1. Go to the website, register and try to find a job
2. Using the information below, discuss the economy of the UK
Text 1
We usually measure the performance of the UK economy by looking at Gross Domestic Product (GDP). This measures the value of all the final goods and services produced within the UK. In 2014, UK GDP was about £1.8 trillion in cash terms. That’s about £28,000 per person in the UK.
The UK’s GDP fell in 2008 because of the global recession, but has been increasing, with a few stutters, since then. GDP growth is a large part of what politicians mean by the “health of the economy”. The UK has seen solid growth since the start of 2013.
The latest figures from the International Monetary Fund show that Britain had a real GDP growth rate of 2.6% in 2014, just higher than Canada’s 2.5%.
We’re not the fastest growing advanced economy (for example, Ireland grew 4.8%), and we’re not the fastest growing major economy (China grew 7.4%). But we are the fastest growing of the major advanced economies—the G7 nations.
British workers are about 20% less productive than those in France and Germany. The only country in the G7 group of countries with lower productivity than the UK is Japan. But UK employees work more hours over the year and there is a high rate of employment, so it’s important to put these figures in context. This is partly down to lower British investment in equipment per worker. Full article here
There were 760,000 more businesses in the UK in 2014 than there were in 2010. 707,000 of this increase in businesses with no employees, which now account for 76% of private sector businesses.
The pay gap is measured using data from the Annual Survey of Hours and Earnings (ASHE). This doesn’t look at the difference in pay for men and women doing the same work.
Instead, it looks at the median hourly wage (excluding overtime) for men and women. This is affected by things like working patterns, qualifications and the type of jobs people do.
In 2014, the gap was about 9.4% for full-time employees, the lowest on record, and falling over the long run.
The ‘pay gap’ is not uniform across all age groups: it actually becomes “negative” for people in the age ranges between 22 and 39. In other words, for full-time employees, the median woman actually earns more per hour than the median man does in these age groups.
It’s also not constant across different types of job: the median wage for women working part-time is 5.5% higher than the equivalent figure for men. This has widened over the long term.
Text 2
The recovery
Starting with the recovery, national income (GDP) is back to where it was before the 2007-08 crisis. But the recovery in GDP has been the slowest on record.
This is partly the product of policy mistakes. The commitment to extreme austerity in the early years of its term of office took demand out of the economy just at a time when a demand injection from the government was urgently needed.
Targeting the deficit ultimately delayed the recovery in the economy.

Living standards
But the recovery has done a poor job at raising living standards. The recent trumpeting of living standards returning to 2010 levels does not change the fact that the past five years have coincided with real hardship for many. The latest ONS figures show that household disposable incomes at the end of 2014 were up 0.2% on 2010’s numbers. This is an extremely modest increase and reflects the effects of lower inflation rather than higher money wages.
Other evidence suggests that the real wages of the typical (median) worker have declined by almost 10% since 2008 and real incomes for families of working age by nearly the same. This is a dismal record. It shows how talk of recovery has a hollow ring for many millions of people in the UK. This must be one of the first recoveries in living memory where hardship has multiplied in society.
The trade deficit has widened. Higher consumption, as in the past, has fed through to higher imports. Although the focus has been on the budget deficit, arguably the bigger problem facing the UK economy is the trade deficit which acts as a major constraint on present and future growth prospects.
When the public and corporate sectors are net savers and the country is a net importer, the government must spend and run a deficit or the economy will shrink. Rapid deficit reduction therefore requires a corresponding drop in net imports and increases in private spending relative to savings if the economy is not to falter. This basic truth has been missed under the coalition.
At present the main reason why the economy is growing is because of consumers spending beyond their means. The likelihood of growth being sustained very much depends on a recovery in real wages. The deeper issue for the UK is to find a more sustainable route to prosperity that does not rely – again – on debt-fuelled consumption growth.
Employment
The employment situation in the UK presents a mixed picture. On the one hand, the employment rate has reached a record level. Unemployment has also fallen to pre-crisis levels. On the other hand, employment has tended to be created in low paid sectors, including an increase in zero-hours contracts and self-employment.
Plus, the growth in self-employment seems to reflect the lack of alternative well-paid employment opportunities rather than a new spirit of entrepreneurship. Generally, workers have had to accept lower real wages in return for higher employment.
Productivity
Another bleak spot is productivity. Historically, productivity in the UK has lagged behind other nations. But this gap has tended to become more pronounced in recent years. This reflects in part weak investment as well as changes in the composition of jobs in the economy (particularly the rise of low productivity jobs in the service sector). The persistence of low productivity means that real wages are unlikely to rise any time soon – a fact that is likely to make the recovery even more uncertain.
Inflation
The rate of inflation is now at 0%. This has been heralded as “good news” by the Coalition government. Yet, in truth, it marks a sign of policy failure.
The inflation target is 2% – not 0% – and for good reason. The target of 2% allows room for price rises that help to stimulate demand and if below-target inflation turns into prolonged deflation then demand could be curtailed through a combination of delayed consumer spending and a rise in the real value of debt. Low inflation also provides an excuse for firms not to pay higher wages and in that sense it may prevent the required increase in real wages from materializing.
The dismal state of the UK economy exists and persists because of current policies. Five years of austerity, in short, have resulted in an economy that is just as unbalanced and unsustainable as immediately prior to the 2007-08 crisis.
Promoting real alternatives
The problems that beset the UK economy, in truth, are deep-rooted. They reflect the broader political economy of the UK – the dominance of financial interests (particularly the City of London), the relative weakness of industry and organised labour, and the hostility of the main political parties to any kind of interventionist policy agenda based on government spending. Yet, these problems need to be tackled if the UK is to achieve prosperity in ways that benefit all in society.
For a start, there needs to be a clear recognition that the state has an active and positive role to play in the economy not just as a provider of first aid when the economy is in a slump but also as a driver of long-term prosperity via its capacity to tackle deep-seated weaknesses in the economy – from low investment to high inequality. The issue of creating an active state that challenges the power of finance and instead looks to promote a more inclusive and fairer route to prosperity remains more urgent now than ever before.
Unfortunately, none of the main political parties in the UK are offering anything other than continued austerity. But the government’s finances are not like those of a household. The budget deficit has propped up the UK economy – without it, the UK would still be mired in recession.

The state’s role
The state has a positive role to play in creating and sustaining an economy that meets the needs of all, not just an elite few. The state can also help tackle the so-called “productivity puzzle”, in part by addressing the entrenched power of shareholders that has blocked long-term investment.
The general election ideally should be a time to debate real alternatives to the way the economy is currently governed. Sadly, it mostly offers more stale debate over the amount of austerity that the UK economy (allegedly) needs to bear. The thirst for alternatives persists nonetheless – including the growth in support for the Green party and the positive reception to the SNP’s own anti-austerity agenda.
But real change that promotes real alternatives requires a radical change in the terms and content of debate about the state of the UK economy. Given the present situation, it may be some years before we obtain the radical change that is needed.
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